import json
import sys


class ComplexEncoder(json.JSONEncoder):
    """Special JSON encoder that detects objects that implement the
    JSONSerializable interface and invokes their to_json method."""

    def default(self, obj):
        if isinstance(obj, JSONSerializable):
            return obj.to_json()
        # Let the base class default method raise the TypeError
        return json.JSONEncoder.default(self, obj)


class JSONSerializable(object):
    """Interface for JSON-serializable classes"""

    def to_json(self):
        raise NotImplementedError("Must implement 'to_json'")


class Counter(object):
    """Wrapper for a count to be shared among substreams"""

    def __init__(self):
        self.count = 0

    def increment(self):
        self.count += 1

    def clear(self):
        self.count = 0


class Stream(JSONSerializable):
    """A Stream manages printing serialized objects in a fixed-number
    of chunks. Streams can have substreams that are keyed on a special
    name. Substreams share a global counter for the number of items
    that are printed out at once."""

    def __init__(self, out, buf_size=10, counter=None, root=None):
        if not counter:
            counter = Counter()
        if not root:
            root = self
        self.buf_size = buf_size
        self.out = out
        self.counter = counter
        self.root = root
        self.data = {}
        self.substreams = {}
        self.first = True

    def get_start(self):
        return '['

    def start(self):
        """Marks the start of the Stream

        :param should_print: Whether it should write to self.out
        :return: A value to be printed"""
        self.out.write(self.get_start())

    def flush(self):
        """Serializes the current contents of the stream for output and
        recursively flushes everything.

        Does nothing if it's not the root stream.

        :param should_print: Whether it should write to self.out
        :return: A value to be printed"""
        if self.root == self:
            self.out.write(self.to_json())
            self.clear()
            self.out.flush()

    def get_stop(self):
        return ']'

    def stop(self):
        """Marks the start of the Stream

        :param should_print: Whether it should write to self.out
        :return: A value to be printed"""
        self.flush()
        self.out.write(self.get_stop())

    def clear(self):
        """Clears the shared counter and recursively clears all
        substreams."""
        self.counter.clear()
        self.data = {}
        for substream in self.substreams.values():
            substream.clear()

    def output(self, stream_name, obj):
        """Stores an object in the buffer. If the number of things
        stored exceeds the global buffer size, automatically flush
        the streams.

        :param stream_name: The key under which to store the stream
        :param obj: The object"""
        if stream_name not in self.data:
            self.data[stream_name] = []
        self.data[stream_name].append(obj)
        self.counter.increment()
        if self.counter.count >= self.buf_size:
            self.root.flush()

    def new_stream(self, name):
        """Creates a substream with the same 'out' and 'buf_size'.
        Copies the references to the counter and root node to the
        substream, and stores a reference in the substreams dict. Also
        invokes the "start" method without any side-effect printing.
        """
        s = Stream(self.out, self.buf_size)
        s.counter = self.counter
        s.root = self.root
        self.substreams[name] = s
        return s

    def is_empty(self):
        """Determine whether this substream and all substreams are
        empty.

        :return: Whether this stream is empty"""
        empty = self.data == {}
        for substream in self.substreams.values():
            empty = empty and substream.is_empty()
        return empty

    def add_comma_if_not_first(self, s):
        """Adds a comma to the provided list 's' if it is not the first
        thing to be printed. Otherwise, we set the flag.

        :param s: The list in which to add the comma"""
        if self.first:
            self.first = False
        else:
            s.append(',')

    def to_json(self):
        """Converts the stream to JSON. Does not include the opening
        and closing square brackets. If printing, you should include
        those first.

        :return: JSON representation of the stream."""
        s = []
        # serialize streams
        if self.data:
            self.add_comma_if_not_first(s)
            s.append(json.dumps(self.data, cls=ComplexEncoder))
        # recursively serialize substreams
        for key, stream in self.substreams.items():
            if stream.is_empty():
                continue
            self.add_comma_if_not_first(s)
            s.append('{{"{}":'.format(key))
            s.append(stream.get_start())
            s.append(stream.to_json())
            s.append(stream.get_stop())
            s.append("}")
        return ''.join(s)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.to_json()

    def __repr__(self):
        return str(self)


def main():
    s = Stream(sys.stdout, 4)
    s.start()

    for i in range(7):
        proc = {"pid": i + 1, "name": "init"}
        s.output("things", proc)
    q = s.new_stream('q')
    q.output("test", 'potato')

    for i in range(10):
        proc = {"pid": i + 1, "name": "init"}
        s.output("processes", proc)

    q.output("test", 'salad')
    q.output("test", 'rocks')
    s.flush()
    s.stop()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()